The report, The Distributed Divide: How Solar Expansion Affects Non-Adopting Consumers and Utility Economics, analyzes the impact of increasing solar PV penetration on consumers and utilities. As distributed solar systems like behind-the-meter installations and net metering gain popularity, benefits accrue primarily to participating consumers through reduced electricity bills and potential credits. However, Arzachel's analysis highlights that this trend also shifts costs toward non-solar customers. This cost-shifting occurs because net-metered solar customers reduce their reliance on grid services, leading to a decline in overall utility revenue, while the fixed costs associated with maintaining grid infrastructure remain unchanged. Consequently, these fixed costs are spread across fewer non-solar consumers, increasing their per-unit expenses and creating a cross-subsidy effect. Arzachel’s report recommends revisiting tariff designs and policy frameworks to balance the costs and benefits of solar adoption. This includes evaluating strategies such as differentiated grid fees, demand charges, and adjustments to net metering policies to ensure fair cost allocation between solar adopters and non-adopters while maintaining sustainable utility operations.